www.perpetualcommotion.com
"Give with a free hand, but give only your own."
-- J.R.R. Tolkien The Children of Hurin
- Diacetyl -
General Information:
Names:
Wikipedia entry:
********************************************************************************************
Observations:
********************************************************************************************
Known sources:
********************************************************************************************
Natural sources:
********************************************************************************************
References:
Popcorn
ingredient found to be linked with Alzheimer's
Published August 08, 2012
FoxNews.com
http://www.foxnews.com/health/2012/08/08/popcorn-ingredient-found-to-be-linked-with-alzheimer/
Wikipedia: Diacetyl
(IUPAC systematic name: butanedione or 2,3-butanedione) is a
natural byproduct of fermentation. It is a vicinal diketone (two
C=O groups, side-by-side) with the molecular formula C4H6O2.
Diacetyl occurs naturally in alcoholic beverages and is added to
some foods to impart a buttery flavor.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diacetyl
The
Butter Flavorant, Diacetyl, Exacerbates β-Amyloid Cytotoxicity.
More SS, Vartak AP, Vince
R.
Chem Res Toxicol. 2012 Jul
6. [Epub ahead of print]
Source: Center for Drug
Design, Academic Health Center, University of Minnesota , 308
Harvard Street SE, 8-123A WDH, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455,
United States.
Abstract
Diacetyl (DA), an
ubiquitous butter-flavoring agent, was found to influence
several aspects of amyloid-β (Aβ) aggregation-one of the two
primary pathologies associated with Alzheimer's disease.
Thioflavin T fluorescence and circular dichroism spectroscopic
measurements revealed that DA accelerates Aβ(1-42) aggregation
into soluble and ultimately insoluble β-pleated sheet
structures. DA was found to covalently bind to Arg(5) of
Aβ(1-42) through proteolytic digestion-mass spectrometric
experiments. These biophysical and chemical effects translated
into the potentiation of Aβ(1-42) cytotoxicity by DA toward
SH-SY5Y cells in culture. DA easily traversed through a
MDR1-MDCK cell monolayer, an in vitro model of the blood-brain
barrier. Additionally, DA was found not only to be resistant to
but also inhibitory toward glyoxalase I, the primary initiator
of detoxification of amyloid-promoting reactive dicarbonyl
species that are generated naturally in large amounts by
neuronal tissue. In light of the chronic exposure of industry
workers to DA, this study raises the troubling possibility of
long-term neurological toxicity mediated by DA.
PMID: 22731744 [PubMed -
as supplied by publisher]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22731744
[Search on “diacetyl” and
“peroxinitrate”
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20923167,
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18361509,
peroxynitrates noted in references to Aroma Therapy, essential oils,
etc.]
********************************************************************************************
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Home
Preface Brain Failure Notes Notes II
References pg. 1 References pg. 2
Nutritional Alternatives
Patricia's Protocol
Tauopathy
Discussion
Forum
Correspondence Newsletters Poems Memory Enhancement
********************************************************************************************
Questions or comments, contact "perpetualcommotion.com" at gmail.com
Updated: July 25, 2012
Inception: July 25, 2012